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n tetany,
From Page 10
salts). The most common
form of Mg, magnesium
oxide, is not soluble in water
and therefore cannot be
used for this purpose. Most
susceptible animals Older,
lactating cows with calves
younger than two months
of age have the greatest
susceptibility to tetany;
while steers, heifers, dry
cows, or cows with calves
older than four months of
age are less susceptible.
“Mature cows are more
susceptible because they
are less able to mobilize
Mg from bones to maintain
the necessary level in
their system. Also, cows
within two months after
calving have increased milk
production and require
additional Ca and Mg,” Harty
said.
Harty explained that cattle
will exhibit symptoms
of grass tetany, but they
may not be observed as
death may occur relatively
March 31, 2015 • Page 11
quickly - within four to
eight hours. “An affected
animal will exhibit a series
of progressive signs. These
include grazing away from
the herd, irritability, muscle
twitching in the flank, wideeyed and staring, muscular
incoordination, staggering,
collapse, thrashing, head
thrown back, coma, and
finally death,” she said.
Affected animals should
be handled calmly, since
sudden death can occur if
animals are stressed. There
are treatment options for
animals, but effectiveness
depends on the clinical stage
when administered, Harty
explained. “If treatment is
started one or two hours
after clinical signs develop,
the result is usually a
quick recovery,” she said.
“Treatment is not effective
if delayed until the coma
stage.”
Grass tetany can be
treated with an intravenous
dextrose-based commercial
preparation of Mg and Ca
purchased from a local
veterinarian. “Remember
cattle are more susceptible
to grass tetany in the
spring, and certain weather
conditions increase
susceptibility,” Harty said.
Consider and implement
prevention practices,
monitor cattle for signs of
grass tetany, and treat as
soon as possible according
to a protocol developed with
a veterinarian.”
For more information,
contact Harty at 605-3941722 or adele.harty@
sdstate.edu.
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